Blood in urine (hematuria)

Hematuria means there is blood in the urine. It may be visible or only detected through urine testing. While hematuria is sometimes caused by a minor issue, it could be a sign of an underlying condition that needs medical attention.

At Penn Medicine, specialists in urology, nephrology (kidney medicine), and primary care work together to evaluate hematuria and identify its causes. We use precise laboratory testing, advanced imaging, and the latest evidence-based medications and procedures as needed to effectively address your urinary condition.

The presence of blood in the urine may cause it to appear pink, red, or brown, or it may not be visible at all. Hematuria may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as:

• Pain or burning with urination
• A frequent or urgent need to urinate
• Fever or chills
• Lower back or abdominal pain

Sometimes there are no obvious symptoms, and the condition is found during routine testing.

Common causes of hematuria include:

• Urinary tract infection (UTI)
• Kidney stones or bladder stones 
• Enlarged prostate
• Vigorous exercise
• Menstruation 

Hematuria may sometimes signal serious conditions like kidney disease, injury to the urinary tract, or urologic cancer. If you notice blood in your urine, you should have it checked by a doctor.

Treatment for hematuria is based on the underlying cause. Common approaches include:

• Antibiotics for infections
• Medications to manage conditions such as prostate enlargement or kidney disease
• Procedures to remove kidney or bladder stones or address blockages

If hematuria is related to a more complex condition, your Penn Medicine care team will develop a personalized treatment plan that may include surgery, specialized procedures, and other therapies. Our specialists offer a full range of treatment options to address the cause of your hematuria, prevent recurrence, and protect your long-term urinary health.