PAVM embolization

PAVM embolization is a minimally invasive treatment for pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM). PAVMs are abnormal connections between blood vessels in the lungs that allow blood to skip the normal process of picking up oxygen. During PAVM embolization, these faulty connections are blocked, which can improve oxygen levels and reduce the risk of serious problems, such as stroke or infection in the brain. For many people, this treatment is a safe and effective option that does not require surgery.

Penn Medicine has deep experience treating PAVM with embolization. A specialized team brings expertise in managing both straightforward and complex cases. For patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), a genetic condition often associated with PAVM, treatment is supported through a dedicated HHT Program recognized by Cure HHT as a Center of Excellence. This program offers coordinated, expert care across Pennsylvania and New Jersey.

Not everyone with a PAVM needs treatment right away. PAVM embolization may be an option when there is a higher risk of health problems. It is often considered if:

• The PAVM is large enough to raise the risk of complications
• Symptoms such as shortness of breath, tiredness, or low oxygen levels are present
• There have been complications like stroke or frequent migraines
• Imaging tests show abnormal blood flow that could cause problems in the future

Your Penn Medicine care team will review imaging results, symptoms, and overall health to decide whether embolization is a good option for you.

PAVM embolization is designed to gently block abnormal blood flow and help blood move through the lungs the way it should. Here’s what usually happens:

• Your doctor places a thin tube (catheter) into a blood vessel, often in the groin or arm.
• Using imaging for guidance, the doctor carefully moves the catheter to the abnormal blood vessels in the lungs.
• Small coils or plugs are placed to close off the PAVM.
• Blood is then redirected through healthy lung tissue, where it can pick up oxygen.
• The procedure usually takes a few hours.

This treatment works from inside the blood vessel and does not require large incisions, which helps make recovery easier for many people

Recovery after PAVM embolization is often quicker than many people expect. Most people can return to normal activities within a few days. Some mild tiredness or soreness where the catheter was placed is common and usually improves on its own. Oxygen levels may continue to improve over the weeks that follow.

Follow-up imaging is an important part of care, as it helps confirm that the PAVM was fully treated and checks for any new ones. With regular monitoring, many people feel better and have greater peace of mind after treatment.