Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury

The ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) is located on the inner side of the elbow and helps support the joint during certain movements, such as throwing. Damage or tears to this ligament can cause pain, elbow instability, and reduced function. 

UCL injuries are usually treated by orthopedic and sports medicine specialists with expertise in elbow injuries. Penn Orthopaedics specialists offer a full range of surgical and nonsurgical treatments for elbow pain. As a high-volume provider of sports medicine procedures in the southeastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey regions, they have the experience to work with you and identify the best treatment option. 

Pain and tenderness along the inner side of the elbow are the most common symptoms. You may also experience: 

• Weak or clumsy hand grip 
• Elbow pain and stiffness (difficulty straightening the elbow) 
• Reduced function in the elbow and arm 
• Numbness or tingling in the ring and little fingers 
• Swelling and bruising 
• Popping, catching, or grinding sensations 

UCL injuries can develop gradually from wear and tear on the elbow ligaments or occur suddenly after a traumatic event, such as hitting your elbow or falling on an outstretched arm. They’re often associated with repetitive throwing motions, especially in baseball pitchers and athletes who perform frequent overarm movements. 

Overuse places excessive stress on the UCL, causing tiny tears, inflammation, or degeneration. Without proper rest or treatment, these microtears can weaken the ligament over time, eventually leading to a rupture. While some people recall a specific moment which led to the injury, most cases result from gradual overuse rather than a single incident. 

Preventing UCL injuries involves taking steps to reduce stress on your ligaments and maintain overall health. Warm up and stretch before activities to loosen your muscles, and avoid pushing through pain, as this can lead to more serious injuries. Changing your routine can help prevent overuse by reducing repetitive stress on the same muscles and joints. 

Working with an athletic trainer or physical therapist can strengthen weak muscles, improve your technique, and build endurance. Prioritize rest, as fatigue and lack of sleep increase injury risk. A healthy diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins, along with staying hydrated, supports muscle recovery and overall performance. 

Whether you’re an athlete who wants to return to sports or are simply looking to resume your daily activities, we work closely with you to meet your needs and recovery goals. Penn Orthopaedics surgeons specialize in UCL reconstruction, using advanced microsurgical techniques to relieve pain, stabilize the elbow, and restore mobility and function. 

Our Sports Medicine Program offers comprehensive orthopaedic services for people of all ages and activity levels—not just athletes. We’re at the forefront of research to develop advanced treatments for a range of orthopaedic and musculoskeletal conditions, offering individualized care for the most common to the most challenging cases.