What are acne scars and pockmarks?
Acne scarring occurs when an acne breakout heals but leaves lasting marks on the skin. These scars may appear as raised bumps or small dents (also called pockmarks) and may alter the texture and overall appearance of the skin over time.
Though acne scars are not usually harmful to your physical health, they can affect emotional well-being and confidence. Sometimes marks that appear to be acne scarring may actually be another skin condition, so it’s worth having a doctor take a look to be sure you receive proper treatment.
Penn Dermatology offers expert care backed by a legacy of innovation in assessing and treating a wide range of skin conditions, including acne scarring and pockmarks.
What do acne scars and pockmarks look like?
Scars caused by acne can look different depending on how your skin heals. Some types of acne scars are raised and may feel thick or firm. These are called hypertrophic or keloid scars. Other scars are indented in the skin, creating small dips or uneven spots that vary in shape, size, and depth. Pockmarks are a type of indented scar that look like small pits or dents in the skin and can make the texture rough or uneven. They may be more noticeable under harsh or angled lighting.
In addition to changes in texture, acne scars sometimes cause discoloration, leaving behind dark spots (post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation) or redness. This discoloration can fade over time but may persist, especially in deeper or more inflamed breakouts.
Causes of persistent acne scarring
Acne scars and pockmarks can form for several reasons, especially when breakouts are severe or not properly treated:
- Severe acne: Deep cysts and nodules can damage the skin and lead to scarring.
- Picking or popping pimples: This can worsen inflammation and increase the risk of scars.
- Genetics: A family history of acne scars can make you more likely to get them.
- Delayed or poor treatment: Not treating acne or using the wrong treatment could lead to lasting damage.
Diagnosing scarring and pockmarks from acne
Dermatologists usually diagnose acne scars just by looking at your skin. They’ll check the type of scars you have, noting whether they’re raised or indented, and how deep or noticeable they are. In some cases, they may examine the skin very closely using a dermoscope or take tissue samples to test for evidence of other skin conditions that can cause similar marks.
Treatment options for severe acne scars
Acne scar treatment depends on the type and severity of the scarring. For mild scars, topical treatments are often the first step. Over-the-counter or prescription creams with ingredients like retinoids or salicylic acid can help by promoting skin renewal, reducing discoloration, and smoothing texture. For more noticeable scars, a dermatologist may recommend in-office acne scar removal procedures designed to resurface the skin or stimulate healing below the surface.
How to prevent acne from scarring
While not all acne scars can be avoided, there are steps you can take to reduce your risk and support healthier skin over time.
- Don’t pick or squeeze pimples: This can make swelling worse and damage the skin, which increases the chance of scarring.
- Use noncomedogenic skin products: Products with this label are less likely to clog pores and cause breakouts or irritation.
- Wear sunscreen every day: A broad-spectrum SPF 30 or higher sunscreen helps protect healing skin and prevents dark marks from getting worse.
- Stick to a skincare routine: Regularly washing, exfoliating, and moisturizing your skin can help prevent new breakouts and improve the look of old scars over time.
Advanced solutions for acne scars from leaders in dermatology
Penn Medicine has been a leader in dermatology for over a century. Our dermatologists are nationally recognized for advancing skin treatments, and they work closely with specialists across disciplines to provide accurate diagnoses and personalized care.
Whether you’re seeking to reduce acne scarring, improve skin tone, or explore aesthetic treatments, Penn Dermatology offers innovative, evidence-based solutions. From advanced laser procedures to expert guidance on skin care, we have treatments and strategies to boost your appearance and confidence.