A dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) are abnormal connections between arteries and veins in the tissue that covers of the brain and spinal cord.
Dural AV fistulas are a type of arteriovenous malformation (AVM). An arteriovenous malformation, or fistula, is direct connection between an artery and a vein.
Usually, a bed of capillaries separates arteries and veins. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels that deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues and carry away waste products. A DAVF bypasses the capillaries, which can lead to high pressure in the receiving veins.
The term dural refers to the location of the arteriovenous fistula. The dura mater, or dura, is a thick layer of tissue that surrounds and protects your brain and spinal cord. Spinal dural AV fistulas usually occur in the middle to lower region of the spine and are five times more common in men than women.
Is DAVF life-threatening?
The most serious complication of DAVF is bleeding in the brain, known as a hemorrhage or hemorrhagic stroke. The bleeding can damage brain tissue and lead to death.
A stroke is a medical emergency. Call 911 if you experience:
- Confusion and difficulty speaking
- Drooping on one side of the face
- Sudden and severe headache
- Weakness in one arm or leg
This rare cerebrovascular condition occurs in fewer than one in 100,000 people each year. DAVF is most common in people between the ages of 40 and 60. Due to the risk of brain bleeding that can occur with a DAVF, this condition requires immediate evaluation and care by an experienced team.
Penn Medicine's cerebrovascular specialists offer leading-edge treatments for dural arteriovenous fistulas to close these artery-vein connections and safeguard your health.