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Definition:
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Anoscopy is a method to look at the anus, anal canal, and lower rectum.
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How the test is performed:
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The procedure is usually done in a doctor's office.
A digital rectal exam is done first. Then, a lubricated instrument called an anoscope is placed a few inches into the rectum. You will feel some discomfort when this is done.
The anoscope has a light on the end, so the health care provider can see the entire area. A sample for biopsy can be taken, if needed.
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How to prepare for the test:
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You may receive a laxative, enema, or other preparation before the procedure so that you can completely empty your bowels. You should empty your bladder before the procedure.
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How the test will feel:
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There will be some discomfort during the procedure. You may feel the need to have a bowel movement. You may feel a pinch when a biopsy is taken.
You can usually return to normal activities after the procedure.
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Why the test is performed:
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This test may be used to determine whether you have:
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Normal Values:
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The anal canal appears normal in size, color, and tone. There is no sign of bleeding, polyps, hemorrhoids, or other abnormal tissue.
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What abnormal results mean:
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Abnormal results may include:
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Abscess
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Fissures
- Hemorrhoids
- Infection
- Inflammation
- Polyps (non-cancerous or cancerous)
- Tumors
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What the risks are:
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There are few risks. If a biopsy is needed, there is a slight risk of bleeding and mild pain.
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References:
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Anoscopy. In: Roberts JR, Hedges JR, eds. Clinical Procedures in Emergency Medicine. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2009:chap 45.
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